3. How do you come up with names, for characters (and for places if you're writing about fictional places)?I'm VERY picky about my character names. They have to either have a specific meaning or the characters have to name themselves. Ideally, both happen. If I don't have the correct name for a character I will write whole chapters leaving _____'s where their name would be. I did that with my current work. A character named Foster was left as a blank for months because I could find nothing that fit him. Eventually when going through a name site I found Foster, a pretty rare name that very much seemed to fit him. As a bonus it means "forest" and he is a bit of a lost soul and kind of rough around the edges so forest also works for him. It stuck very well.
You know when a name is right or not right. If it's easy for you to forget, it's totally a wrong fit. And if it doesn't fit into the other character's dialogue, it's out.
The best names are ones that have meaning behind them, though. I use name sites a lot to verify meanings so I don't misname a character, and I recently purchased this book:
http://www.writersdigest.com/article/WD-character-naming-sourcebook/ which is totally invaluable and incredibly interesting.
Places are the same. If you need to create a place name there should be a meaning behind it. It should flavor the setting, and it should feel right.
That's the key to everything, feeling right. You may not be able to tell why something is off, but you should be able to tell that it IS off. One name rubbing you the wrong way can kill an entire book.